UK poised to reset trade and defence ties with Europe

The United Kingdom is poised to agree the most significant reset of ties with the European Union since Brexit, seeking closer collaboration on trade and defence to help grow the economy and boost security on the continent.

Prime Minister Keir Starmer, who backed remaining in the EU, has made a bet that easing trade frictions and securing tangible benefits for Britons will outweigh talk of "betrayal" from Brexit campaigner Nigel Farage when he agrees to closer EU alignment at a summit in London on Monday.

"It's time to look forward - to move on from the stale old political fights and to find common sense, practical solutions that improve the lives of British people," Starmer said on X.

At the heart of the reset is a defence and security pact that could allow British defence companies to take part in a 150 billion euros ($A260 billion) program to rearm Europe.

According to people briefed on the talks, the two sides have agreed to provide access to fishing waters for 12 years - a move that is likely to be criticised by politicians and the industry - in order to remove border checks and paperwork that have prevented many small food producers from exporting since Britain left the bloc in 2020.

Britain was also hoping to secure access to faster e-gates for UK travellers at EU airports.

In return, it is expected to agree to a limited youth mobility scheme and could participate in the Erasmus+ student exchange program.

Talks continued through the night before a breakthrough was secured in the early hours, ahead of Starmer's meeting with European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and European Council President Antonio Costa.

EU ambassadors were meeting in Brussels to approve it.

The reset follows US President Donald Trump's upending of the post-war global order and Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, which have forced governments around the world to rethink ties on trade, defence and security.

Britain struck a full trade deal with India earlier in May and secured some tariff relief from the United States. The EU has also accelerated efforts to forge trade deals with the likes of India and deepen partnerships with countries including Canada, Australia, Japan and Singapore.

Britain's vote to leave the EU in a historic referendum in 2016 revealed a country that was badly divided over everything from migration and sovereignty of power to culture and trade.

It helped trigger one of the most tumultuous periods in British political history, with five prime ministers in office before Starmer arrived last July, and poisoned relations with Brussels.

Polls show a majority of Britons now regret the vote although they do not want to rejoin. Farage, who campaigned for Brexit for decades, leads opinion polls in Britain, giving Starmer limited room for manoeuvre.

But the prime minister and French President Emmanuel Macron have struck up a solid relationship over their support for Ukraine, and Starmer was not tainted with the Brexit rows that went before, helping to improve sentiment.

One trade expert who has advised politicians in both London and Brussels said the government needed to "break the taboo" on accepting EU rules, and doing so to help farmers and small businesses was smart.

Trade experts also said Britain benefited from the greater focus on defence, making the deal look more reciprocal, and said improved ties made sense in a more volatile world.

When "trade disruption is so visible and considerable" anything that reduced trade friction with a country's biggest trading partner made sense, said Allie Renison, a former UK government trade official at consultancy SEC Newgate.